None of these maker’s marks is shown in Scheffler, but the first two were identified by Werner Schmidt in
Weltkunst magazine:
“Martin”, script = Philipp Bernhard Martin (1793-1850), the firm still active 1876, Schmidt mark #15; Scheffler maker #187
“PH. EBERT” = Philipp Ebert, Sr. (1839-1880), Schmidt mark #18; Scheffler maker #195
Although not shown in either reference, “J. LUTZ” is almost certainly the mark of the firm of Joseph Lutz (1807-1884), Scheffler maker #183. The firm was founded by his grandfather Johann Anton Lutz, Sr. (1773-1863), continued by his father Johann Anton Lutz, Jr. (1786-1833) and uncle Ignatz Joseph Lutz (1788-1865), and existed at least until the 1920’s under the direction of his son Joseph Anton Lutz (1842-1956). (Scheffler makers #139, 150, 152 & 206, respectively.)
Unfortunately, a conclusive timeline for the various 19th century Mainz city marks has not been established. Your best bet for dating them is stylistic evidence, which is why it’s always a good idea to show photos of the items as well.
Hope this helps!
Ref:
Wolfgang Scheffler,
Goldschmiede Hessens (Berlin: de Gruyter, 1976), pp. 677-696 passim.
Werner Schmidt, “Mainz”, in
Weltkunst, 15 Nov 1999 (v. 14), pp. 2444-2445.