Scratch test on stone is not reliable at all. False positive result from silver plated layer. Only deep filing where it cannot be seen, then polish. Regards
Hi, Hanau pseudomarks; I think an example of trade mark crossover. The ram`s head in the middle was used by Brothers Dingeldein. Crowned letters A and P were used by several makers. Regards
Hi, I think it is older German orthography with Ö and TH in the end of the word LÖTH .Danish and Norwegian alphabet have letter Ø, Swedish has letter Ö, equivalent to German Ö, but 12 Loth was not used. In short, I think it`s German. Regards
Hi, The form of the marks looks like Austria marks used after 1922 (imported in 1925; letter k, right ?) See here: https://www.925-1000.com/Faustria_03.html Regards
Hi, Looks like Austria-Hungary Empire; the style and the engraving are typical for second half 19th century. Imperial warrant eagle, maker`s mark and town mark (possibly a lion); several candidates. Regards
The back of the marks is completely wrong; what are those strange counter marks, irregular impressions, pitting - arrow 1? They are really not supposed to be here. Even if the clock was repaired and removed from the frame, there are issues when it was put back (there was no need for excessive filing...
Hi, From left to right: A stands for second quality plating (the first, highest quality, i.e. grams of pure silver used for electroplating was A1). The crown was discontinued on silver-plate some time in late 19th century because of confusion with Sheffield Assay Office sterling mark. The maker is D...
The notstempel-frei, freistempel nFRs on your items is for big articles (Tardy). It is controversial to have both Repunzierung and freistempel FR on the same piece. Can you read the engraving on the chalice ? Regards
Hi, It is Italian mark used 1944 - 1968 (partially struck). The number 33 is assigned to the maker. The province should have two letters, but here only the first letter is seen; there are too many provinces codes starting with P, meaning it`s impossible to identify the maker unless you decipher the ...