Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks & Makers' Marks
• • •
Identification of Hanau Pseudomarks

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Hanau City Arms
Pseudo-Hallmarks on Hanau Silver
There is no realm in the study of silver marks that poses as many difficulties or engenders more confusion and disagreement than the subject of Hanau pseudo-marks. Unlike trademarks, makers' marks or hallmarks, the pseudos were not registered with an administrative office and no records exist to check them against. Consequently, the identification of any Hanau psuedo-mark is an attribution based on the comparison of many marked pieces and judged on the balance of probability. A great deal of prior research has been done in this regard by Wolfgang Scheffler[14] and Bruno-Wilhelm Theile[17] and I've drawn heavily from their published work. In addition, internet malls, auction websites, collector's forums and real-time handling have facilitated the comparison of hundreds more Hanau trademarks & pseudo-marks and allowed for the addition of new material and some minor revision to the old.

The history of
Hanau Silver
in the "Antique Style"
Attributed Pseudo-Marks & Known Trademarks of the Hanau Silver Industry
Key to mark citations:
[s#] = for pseudo-marks and trademarks recorded in Scheffler[14], the entry will show corresponding mark number
[jgs] = for trademarks recorded in the Nachschlagebuch für Juweliere, Gold- und Silberschmiede[5], trade journal
[dgj] = for trademarks recorded in the Deutsches Goldschmiede-Jahrbuch[11], trade journal
[duk] = for trademarks recorded in Diebeners Uhrmacherkalender[13], trade journal
[npr] = indicates marks that have not been previously referenced
1
[s540]    [s538]    [s534]
2
[s529]    [s532]    [s538]    [s534]
3
[jgs]
4
[s540]   [s534]   [s538]   [s541]   [s540]   [s542]
5
[s542]   [s541]   [s534]   [s531]   [s532]   [s540]
Gebrüder Dingeldein
Hanau
Founded 1868, merged with Karl Kurz around 1911, closed c. 1925.

A successor firm, August Dingeldein & Söhne, maintained a Hanau workshop, the firm also opened a New York showroom and possibly had a workshop there. [20]
Two grandsons of one the firm's founders..."moved to America, where both became prominent silversmiths: Otto Dingeldein of St. Louis and later Cape Girardeau, MO, and Karl Dingeldein of New Orleans." [22 member - blakstone]

Exhibited • 1876 Philadelphia International Exhibition
"Commended for their interesting collection of gold jewelry of superior execution." [2]

Mark examples 4 & 5 show the full array of combined post-1911 Kurz/Dingeldein marks
1
{[s546][jgs]}

2
[jgs]

3
[jgs]          [s538*]

*recorded by Scheffler in the Neresheimer entry
Gebrüder Glaser
Hanau

Founded 1883, merged in 1914 with Wolf & Knell to form Vereinigte Silberwarenfabriken

"Gebrüder Glaser manufactures consumer and luxury goods of every kind both small and large, such as plaques, beakers, candlesticks,... jewelry boxes, cups in old German style,... tea strainers, bonbonnieres, purse frames, tea caddies, etc.. They specialize in making all types of animals and birds, and Empire style work, such as jardinières, sugar baskets, sugar bowls and cups, salts, and mustard pots. They always maintain a stock of arts and crafts items in Renaissance, Rococo and Empire styles." [9]

Exhibited • 1904 St. Louis International Exposition [8]
1
[dgj]

2
[s518*]         [s568]         [npr]
3
[s518*]         [s569]

*recorded by Scheffler in the Neresheimer entry
Gebrüder Gutgesell
Hanau

Founded 1883
Valentin & Ferdinand Gutgesell

Antique silver reproductions & judaica. [9, 10]

Taken over by Josef Oswald sometime after 1938 [17]
1
[npr]       [npr]       [npr]       [npr]
2
[jgs]
The first two pseudo-marks are imitations of 18th century French poinçons, the "A" a Paris charge mark and the "P" a Paris maison commune mark of 1784. The later Georg Roth & Co. attributed pseudomarks were also an "A" Paris charge and "P" Paris maison commune, although of the cursive variety. These parallels suggest the above pseudos were for this early incarnation of the Roth firm, especially in concurrence with the "jug" pseudo, possibly in imitation of a Poitiers or Rennes discharge mark, but also the main element of the Hanauer Silberwaren-Manufaktur trademark.
Hanauer Silberwaren-Manufaktur
Hanau

1891-1906
First firm of Georg Roth

Antique silver reproductions

succeeded by Georg Roth & Co. [17]
1
{[s567][jgs]}
Ferdinand C. Henzler
Hanau

Founded 1902
1
[jgs]
2
[npr]             [npr]             [npr]
David Kugelmann
Bad Kissingen

late 19th / early 20th C.

Exhibited • 1893 Chicago World's Columbian Exposition [3]
1
[npr]        {[s569a][duk]}        [npr]
2
                                {[s569a][duk]}
J. Kurz & Co.
Hanau
Founded 1848, worked until after 1961.
Johann Sigismund Kurz


1
{[s439][jgs]} [npr]     [npr]     [npr]      

2
[npr]       [npr]         [npr]

3
[jgs]      
4
{[s439][jgs]} [npr]     [npr]     [npr]

5
[s442]         [s440]         [s441]

6
{[s439][jgs]} [s533*] [s534*] [s531*]    

*Mark 6 - three pseudos recorded by Scheffler in the Gebr. Dingledein entry. The item marked with this set also bore London import marks for 1904 and that date in conjunction with the "KKK" trademark should attribute them to Kurz. The marks would have come into Dingeldein's possession after 1911.
Karl Kurz
Kesselstadt
Founded c.1877, seems to have merged with Gebrüder Dingeldein around 1911, but was noted again as a single entity in 1929.[17]

"In 1911, August Dingeldein married a daughter of Karl Kurz, who had left his father's silver shop - Johann Siegmund Kurz & Co... to establish his own. At this time, Dingeldein inherited Kurz's dies, patterns and pseudo-marks."[22 member - blakstone]

The merged Kurz/Dingeldein firm continued the use of the pseudos in marks 5 & 6 - sans the "KKK" trademark.
1
[dgj]
Friedrich Läger & Cie.
Hanau

founded 1893

Noted as a manufacturer of antique style silver. [7]
1
2
Wilhelm Ludwig
Hanau

c.1935-1972
manufacturer of antique & modern style silver, taken over by Wilhelm Geist & Sohn in 1972. [22]

1
{[s489][jgs]} [npr]     [npr]         [s491]

2
{[s489][jgs]} [npr]            [s491]       

3
[s522]       [s517]       [s513]

4
{[s489][jgs]}     [npr]         [s497]       

5
[s515]       [npr]       [s520]

6
[s514]       [s525]       [npr]

7
[s537*]       [s492]       [s536*]

8
[npr]       [npr]       [npr]

9
[s493]       [s492]       [s498] +?

10
[s513]       [npr]     [s520]         [npr]

11
[npr]   [s490]   [s513]   [s512]

12
[s498]             [s490]

13
{[s489][jgs]}

14
           [jgs]
*Mark 7 - The group shows two pseudos flanking Neresheimer's "eagle in oval" [s492]. The flanking pseudos [s536 & 7] were both attributed by Scheffler to Gebr. Dingledein, he noted them on a beaker in conjuction with a "sailing ship" pseudo [s531] that is given to Dingeldein. It is probable that Scheffler mistook Dingledein's "sailing ship" [s531] for Neresheimer's "sailing ship" [s491], thereby misattributing both [s536 & 537] to Dingeldein.
B. Neresheimer & Söhne
Hanau
Founded 1893
L. Neresheimer & Co. from 1903

August Neresheimer, Ludwig Neresheimer, and Jean Schlingloff

"In the silver-goods trade, which is carried on under excellent conditions, the imitation of antiquities plays, and has always played, a large part, especially in the more splendid works of bygone times, and it is in this direction that Messrs. B. Neresheimer and Sohne are best known... I was able to see the careful and artistic manner in which they produced copies of the Old masters. Nothing was too small or too large, everything being copied with a care and minuteness which were indeed creditable...Nuremberg work, double lady cups, old goblets, snuff boxes and a hundred and one beautiful little objects which remain to show the beauty of the old German silversmiths' work, were being copied for the wholesale market."[7]

Exhibited • 1893 Chicago World's Columbian Exposition [3]
1904 St. Louis International Exposition [8]
1
{[s572][dgj]}
2
[npr]       [npr*]       [npr]       [npr]

*Gebr. Neumann's "bunch of grapes" trademark was a very similar to a pseudo used by Storck & Sinnsheimer. Scheffler attributed the "cockerel with S" to Neumann (see: Storck & Sinnsheimer #1 for both marks)
Gebrüder Neumann
Hanau

Founded 1926

Comparisons of other mark groups (not pictured here), hint that Neumann may have taken over Storck & Sinnsheimer when they folded in 1926.
1
[dgj]
2
[dgj]       [npr]       [npr]
3
                      [dgj]
Friedrich Reusswig
Hanau

1903-1926

1
       [jgs]            [stadtmarke?]
2
     [?]      [jgs]

3
     [jgs]      
Simon Rosenau
Bad Kissingen

1862-c.1932
"Simon Rosenau (b. 1839, d. 1920) started in Kissingen in 1862. He also had a branch in Paris. He was first listed as "Hofantiquar", roughly: supplier of antiques to the royal Bavarian court. His son Hermann Simon Rosenau (b. 1861, d. 1943) took over his father's business in the 1890ies and started selling antique silverware in the Hanau style. H. S. Rosenau's ties with the Hanau industry (most notably Schleissner and Neresheimer) were strong and I believe that much of the "old" silver with the Rosenau mark was actually made by Hanau based companies. He retired in 1932. I don't know what happened to the shop after that. H.S. Rosenau then first lived in Munich, later in Paris, from where he was deported on October 28th, 1943 via Drancy to Auschwitz."[22 member - Bahner]

Exhibited • 1893 Chicago World's Columbian Exposition [3]
1
[s549]       [s551]       [s550]

2
[s549]       [s551]       [s552]

3
[s550]       [s531*]       [s539*]

4
[npr]       [s531*]       [s550]

5
[s531*]       [s550]       [npr]

6
[s551]             [npr]


*both s531 & s539 were recorded by Scheffler in the Gebr. Dingeldein entry
Georg Roth & Co.
Hanau

1891-c.1919
Hanauer Silberwaren-Manufaktur • 1891-1906
Georg Roth & Co. • 1906-c.1919

"The medallions and floral scrolls, usually on a pierced ground, that characterize Roth's work are reasonably distinctive. [22 member - blakstone]
1
The firm's marks are described as "Als firmenzeichen ein halb über den kopf des R geschriebenes G, später auch ein auf dem R stehendes G in einem Kreis."[16]
This would seem to be the first of the two.
Georg Rüttinger
Hanau

founded 1926

Silver manufacturer, antique & modern styles, including small items and Judaica.[17]
1
  [s447]            [npr]     {[s446b][jgs]}

2
[s455]       [s448]       [s447]

3
[s448]       [s449]       [npr]

4
   [npr]            [s451]   {[s446b][jgs]}

5
  [s456]           [s467]    {[s446b][jgs]}

6
{[s446b][jgs]}          [s448]         [s447]

7
[s479]                               [s475*]

8
                            [s463]

9
    [npr]         [s454]   {[s446b][jgs]}

10
                            {[s446b][jgs]}

11
[jgs]

*items with the RC mark seem to correspond with illustrations from Schleissner's 1910 catalog[14]
J. D. Schleissner & Söhne
Hanau

c.1817-present

Founded by Johann Daniel Christian Schleissner (b.1793-d.1862). Johann's son, Daniel Philipp August Schleissner (b.1825-d.1891), was a great admirer of the renaissance, baroque and rococo periods. Daniel had studied many private and public collections of genuine old silver and acquired much knowledge of the design aesthetics of these periods. He possessed the business acumen to use this knowledge, combined with the application modern silver manufacturing techniques, to efficiently and accurately reproduce fine antique pieces. Under his aegis, the firm emerged as Hanau's pre-eminent producer of antique style silverware in the latter 19th century.[21]


Exhibited • 1893 Chicago Worlds Columbian Exposition [3]
1904 St. Louis International Exposition [21]
1
{[s570][dgj]}      [npr]           [npr*]

2
[dgj]
3
                               {[s570][dgj]}
*possibly the trademark of Gebrüder Neumann [s572]
Jean L. Schlingloff
Hanau

1907-c.1930

In 1890, Jean Schlingloff was one of the partners of Neresheimer & Co., by the early twentieth century he'd founded his own firm.

"For antique style silver spoons with figural or armorial handles, J. L. Schlingloff, Hanau is recommended. They maintain an extensive assortment in stock." [10]
1
                      {[s542a][duk]}
2
                               {[s542][duk]}
Karl Söhnlein & Söhne
Hanau

1888-1956

Manufacturer of antique and modern style silverware. In 1956, Söhnlein was taken over by Schleissner.


1
[s572*] {[s543a][jgs]} [s574*] [s573*]

2
[npr†]    {[s543a][jgs]}         [npr]

3
[npr‡]             [npr]            [s573]
4
{[s543][jgs]} [npr]              [npr‡]       

5
{[s543][jgs]}                            

6
[jgs]
*Mark 1 - three pseudos recorded by Scheffler in the Gebr. Neumann entry.
Mark 2 - "N" possibly Neresheimer [s525].
Marks 3 & 4 - "pellet top A" almost identical to Schleissner's [s476]
Storck & Sinsheimer
Hanau

1874-1926
Jakob Storck & Louis Sinsheimer

"Storck & Sinsheimer produces silver mounted glass items, toilet bottles and the like". [9]

The firm was probably taken over by Gebrüder Neumann

Exhibited • 1876 Philadelphia International Exhibition [2]
1
{[s547][duk]}             [npr]       
2
{[s547][duk]}                     [npr]    
Vereinigte Silberwarenfabriken
Hanau

1914-after 1929

Formed by the merger of Gebrüder Glaser with Wolf & Knell.
1
 [npr]           [jgs]     [npr]     [npr]
2
[npr]  [jgs]  [npr]  [npr]
3
[jgs]                            
4
[jgs]
Weinranck & Schmidt
Hanau

1889 - ?
Wilhelm Weinranck and Fritz Schmidt

"The firm of Weinranck & Schmidt specializes in handmade silver and also produces purse frames, etc." [9]
1
                             [s545]
Wilhelm Weinranck
Hanau

founded 1899
manufacturer of antique & modern style silver, taken over by Wilhelm Geist & Sohn in 1970

1
[s549*]    [s551*]   [s552*]    [s555*]

2
[npr]         [npr]         [s555*]

3
[s555*]
*These four marks recorded by Scheffler in the Georg Roth entry. Neither Scheffler nor Thiele record any marks for Wolf & Knell and I believe Scheffler's attribution of the "WK" monogram mark [s555] to Roth is misplaced. Virtually all of Hanau's pseudo-marks were derived from genuine antique marks, none seem to correspond to this example. This absence points it to being a trademark, albeit an unregistered one, rather than a pseudo-mark. Aside from Wolf & Knell, there existed no likely Hanau firm that would have used either a "WK" or "KW" trademark.
/Wolf & Knell
Hanau

Founded 1887, merged in 1914 with Gebrüder Glaser to form Vereinigte Silberwarenfabriken

A Wolf & Knell trade catalog advertised a copy of an early 17th century jug by Johannes Lencker of Augsburg. [12]
Oswald Worg
Hanau

founded 1897

Noted as a manufacturer of antique style silver. [9]
1
2
[duk]
E. G. Zimmermann
Hanau

from 1842
Primarily an iron and bronze founder, mark example #1 is from a cast iron candlestick. Zimmermann was also known to produce bronze electrotyped (galvanoplastic) pieces in the antique style, it is unclear if the firm produced silverware. It is noted that they acted as a trade agents for other Hanau firms manufacturing silver .
"Classical work in the archeological mode (shown under the aegis of an agent, E. G. Zimmermann of Hanau) was sent to the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition of 1876..." [15]

Exhibited • 1876 Philadelphia International Exhibition [2]
Exhibited • 1893 Chicago Worlds Columbian Exposition [3]
1


2


3


4


5
Trade & Pseudo-Mark Crossover
It is fairly common to come across pieces marked with pseudo marks and/or trademarks attributed to different manufacturers. Little is known about the interaction between Hanau firms, however it is logical to assume there were various alliances, either familial or of economic convenience, that would explain the marks crossover. In some cases, one firm may have acted as retailer or agent for another. In others, rather than manufacturing certain items, it may have proved more economically sound to purchase them from competing firms when filling an export order.
  1. shows the marks of a piece imported into London by E. T. Bryant in 1902, it is clearly stamped with the makers' marks of both Karl Kurz and Georg Roth.

  2. shows another combination Karl Kurz and Georg Roth marks, the item was probably for home consumption as it also carries the German stadtmarke.

  3. shows the "TG fleur-de-lys" mark, attributed to Neresheimer, in conjuction with the "crowned P" & "crowned fleur-de-lys" that are both attributed to Georg Roth.

  4. shows the "crown WK" mark that I've attributed to Wolf & Knell, in conjuction with the "crowned A" "crowned P" & "crowned fleur-de-lys" that are all attributed to Georg Roth.

  5. shows the "crown GR" mark of Georg Roth in conjunction with the "sailing ship" of Gebr. Dingeldein and an unrecorded "windmill" mark.
It is still a common occurence to find a silver item; its design, manufacturing technique, and pseudo-mark imagery all indicating Hanau as its point of origin, but find no record of the pseudos that would attribute it to a particular manufacturer. Future research may identify some of these and others may be discovered to stem from other regions engaged in silver manufacturing. It should be noted that Hanau did not have a monopoly on antique fantasy items, other German makers in other cities also produced work in the genre and some are known to have used pseudos (eg. S. Rosenau, D. Kugelmann). It has been suggested that Italy had some production in the same manner, and it is well known that the Netherlands had a thriving industry in antique reproduction marked with pseudo-marks. The Dutch work often had legitimate contemporary hallmarks stamped in addition to the pseudos, but sometimes did not. "Valse Zilvermerken in Nederland" by K. A. Citroen, published in 1977, is recommended for research in this area.
Unattributed Pseudo-Marks on Hanau Style Silver

"Crowned L" (ITEM)


"L" probably crowned


"Crowned L" (ITEM)


"Lion Rampant & Crown" (ITEM)


"Butterfly" (ITEM)


center is copy of French Master "Biennais"[22]




pseudo French Master "CEB"


"Swan" - possibly Schleissner's [s471]


"Crowned P" identical to above


possible Wolf & Knell?


"Crowned R" with Neresheimer's [s515]


"Crowned R"


"Crowned R" (ITEM)


"Heart & Dagger" Hanau town mark


"Triangle Pellet" same as above


"Pyr" & "Basket" (ITEM)

During Hanau's prime years of antique silver reproduction, there were a great number of manufacturers in the city. The extent of pseudo mark usage by the majority of these makers is not currently known.
Below is a list Hanau makers that spans c.1850-c.1950; the list excludes those who made jewelry exclusively, however it does include a number of jewelry manufacturers that were also known to have made small silver objects. Some of these makers have known trademarks, but as far as my current research has determined, no pseudomarks have yet been attributed to any on the list.

Other Hanau Silver Manufacturers [16]
Ernst Aukamm, Hanau
from 1927

Backes & Co., Hanau & London
founded 1790

Backes & Strauss, Hanau & London
founded 1886

Wilhelm Behrens, Hanau
from 1887

Otto Bernges, Hanau
from 1894
silver mounted glass and porcelain

Boehm & Co., Hanau
c.1890s

Jean Demuth & Co., Hanau
from 1925
silver & silverplate manufacturer

Foell & Co., Hanau
1909-c.1929
silverware manufacturer, antique & modern styles

Emil Freund, Hanau
c.1925-c.1929
metal- & silverware manufacturer, judaica

E. W. Friedrich, Hanau
from 1878
silversmith

Eduard Fues, Hanau
from c.1867
silverware manufacturer & engraver

Geisel & Geist, Hanau
from 1925

Wilhelm Geist & Sohn, Hanau
from 1929
antique style silver

Glaser & Stübing, Hanau
from c.1876
gold jewelry & small silver items

Gluth & Oberländer, Hanau
c.1876
antique style silver

Karl & Heinrich Hain, Grossauheim
from 1910
silver manufacturer

C. Haub & Söhne, Hanau
from 1888
antique style silver, trademark is almost identical to the "eagle claw" trademark of David Kugelmann of Bad Kissengen

C. Hertel & Sohn, Hanau
from 1870
jeweler, gold & silver manufacturer

Johan Friedrich Heusser, Grossauheim
from 1925
silver manufacturer antique & modern. Heusser & Söhne by 1933

Josef Höfler, Hanau
before 1901
silver manufacturer, antique & modern, also worked in the English genre

Wilhelm Hofmann, Hanau
from 1896
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Gebrüder Hopff, Hanau
from 1888

Horst & Sohn, Hanau
1883-c.1890

Hosse & Schlingloff, Hanau
1875-after 1929
jeweler, gold & silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Karl Junker, Hanau
from 1927
silver workshop

Otto Kaiser, Hanau
1904
silver manufacturer, antique & modern, also worked in the English genre

Kaiser & Hirschmann, Hanau
1910-after 1929
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Kaiser & Höfler, Hanau
from 1902
silver manufacturer, antique & modern, specialized in the English genre

Kaiser & Zabolitsky, Hanau
1900

Heinrich Kauck, Hanau
1934

J. S. Kaufmann, Hanau
1888
silver manufacturer

Kaufmann & Ludwig, Hanau
1925

Georg Kiem (Kiehm), Hanau
1930

Klee & Ott, Hanau
1892

Kurz & Laufs, Hanau
from 1851
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Georg Lamy, Hanau
1925

August Lange, Hanau
c.1878
silver manufacturer

Wilhelm Heinrich Hubert Laufs, Hanau
before 1862
silver manufacturer

Limburg & Koch, Hanau
1897-c.1940

Adam Manns & Sohn, Hanau (Dörningheim)
1927-1989
taken over by Josef Oswald Nachf.

C. Mergret & Co., Hanau (Klein Auhiem)
before 1926
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Michel & Wolf, Hanau
1925

August Neebe, Hanau
1936

Gebrüder Neidig, Hanau
from 1923
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Nicolay & Duncker, Hanau
1875-present
silver & jewelry manufacturer and retailer, antique & modern

Karl Nies, Hanau
from 1912
silver manufacturer (mark: K goblet N)

Peter Oberländer, Hanau
from 1912
silver manufacturer

Josef Oswald, Hanau
1938
silver manufacturer

Ott & Cie, Hanau
1878-after 1929
Jeweler & manufacturer of small silver & silverplate

Eduard Petersen, Hanau
1892/93
silversmith

Theodor Pörtner, Hanau
c.1935
silversmiths' master

Rauch & Co. , Hanau
c.1919
manufacturer, taken over by Oswald, 1988

Röll & Stephan, Hanau (Gross Krotzenburg)
c.1935
silver manufacturer

Roth & Neebe, Hanau
1924
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Gebrüder Schatt, Hanau
c.1885-after 1929
silver manufacturer, antique & modern, also jewelry

Karl Ludwig Schell, Hanau
1927
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

A. Schmidt, Hanau
1934

Johann Schmidt, Hanau
1938
silver & ecclesiastic ware

Adolf Schmitt, Hanau
c.1935
silversmiths' master

Schreiner & Möbius, Hanau
1925

Schwind & Co., Hanau
1925

Siebert & Nies, Hanau
1910-after 1929
silver manufacturer

Aron Sinsheimer, Hanau
born 1846
silver manufacturer

August Söhnlein, Hanau
1898

Gebrüder Söhnlein, Hanau
1929
silver manufacturer

Söhnlein & Metzung, Hanau
1889
silver manufacturer, antique & modern

Karl Spenkoch, Hanau
c.1935

Stahl, Born & Pietz, Hanau
1930
1936 - Stahl & Born

H. Steudner, Hanau
1876

Daniel Störger, Hanau
1910-after 1929
silver manufacturer, specialized in embossed work

Störger & Gerland, Hanau
1909
antique style silver manufacturer

Jakob Storck, Hanau
1878/9
specialist in chasing

Lorenz Streb, Hanau (Gross-Auheim)
c.1924
silversmith and metalworker

August Stroh, Hanau
1910

Wilhelm Stroh, Hanau
1925
arts & crafts workshop

August Trost, Hanau
1910

Friedrich Weber, Hanau
1897
silver manufacturer, artistic & utilatarian objects

G. F. Weber, Hanau
1903
silver manufacturer, artistic & utilatarian objects

Christian Weilinger, Hanau
1890s
chaser, engraver & enamelist; fantasy articles

Karl Winkler, Hanau
1910

Carl Wolf, Hanau
1883
antique style silver

Worg & Henzler, Hanau
1900-1903
Oswald Worg & Ferdinand Hentzler

Josef Zabolitzky, Hanau
1901
antique style silver

Hanau silver manufacturers were keenly aware of the importance of foreign trade. To facilitate this, the industry made sure to have a substantial presence at every important international trade exposition held in the second half of the nineteenth century, including: London 1851, Paris 1855, Vienna 1873, Philadelphia 1876, Melbourne 1880, London 1891, Scheveningen 1893, Chicago 1893, Paris 1900 and St. Louis 1904.
In 1873, it was noted that the Hanau silver and jewelry industry already had sales representatives in " New York... London, Lima, Santiago de Chile, Rio de Janeiro, Valparaiso, Havana, Moscow, Naples, and even in Berlin."
[1]
Known British Importers of Hanau Silver
for London sponsors' marks[15]
Berthold Muller
Berthold Hermann Müller, London & Chester
from 1912

Berthold Mueller
Berthold Müller, London & Chester from 1892


Boaz Moses Landeck, Chester from 1907


David Bridge, London from 1885


Elly Isaac Miller, London from 1892


Edward Thompson Bryant, London from 1889


George Bedingham, London from 1899


unidentified, Chester c.1910


John George Piddington, London from 1901


John George Smith, London from 1897


Lewis Lewis, London from 1887


Martin Sugar, London from 1890


Samuel Boyce Landeck, London from 1879


Theodor Hartmann, London from 1897


William Moehring, London 1892-1903

Known North American Importers of Hanau Silver [20]
Binder Bros.
Binder Brothers, New York

.
Buchholz & Zelt, New York
with Schleissner mark


Henry Birks & Sons, Montreal

Sources

1Amtlicher Bericht über die Wiener Weltausstellung im Jahre 1873 - Vieweg; Braunschwieg, 1874
2International Exhibition, 1876: Official Catalogue - U. S. Centennial Commission; Philadelphia, 1876
3World's Columbian Exposition, 1893: Official Catalogue - M. P. Handy; Conkey, Chicago, 1893
4The Jewelers' Circular and Horological Review - vol.27 no.16; Jewelers' Circular Pub. Co., 1893
5Nachschlagebuch für Juweliere, Gold- und Silberschmiede - Verband Deutscher J. G. & S.; Berlin, 1902/05
6Journal der Goldschmiedekunst - vol.24; Schlag, Leipzig, 1903
7Watchmaker, Jeweller, Silversmith & Optician - W. Augustus Steward; Heywood & Co., London, 1903
8Weltausstellung in St. Louis 1904 - Reichskommission; Stilke, Berlin, 1904
9Journal der Goldschmiedekunst - vol.26; Schlag, Leipzig, 1905
10Journal der Goldschmiedekunst - vol.29; Schlag, Leipzig, 1908
11Deutsches Goldschmiede-Jahrbuch - Schlag, Leipzig, 1913
12Der Goldschmiede Merkzeichen - Marc Rosenberg; vol.1 p.74, Frankfurt, 1922
13Diebeners Uhrmacherkalender - Diebener; Leipzig, 1922
14Goldschmiede Hessens: Daten, Werke, Zeichen - Wolfgang Scheffler; De Gruyter, Berlin & New York, 1976
15The History of Silver - Claude Blair; Ballantine 1987
16The Directory of Gold and Silversmiths: Jewellers and Allied Traders 1838-1914 - John Culme; 1987
17Tafel- und Schausilber des Historismus aus Hanau - Bruno-Wilhelm Thiele; Tubingen Wasmuth 1992
18The Antique Silver Industry of Hanau Pt. I - Dorothea Burstyn; Silver Magazine, Sept/Oct 1997
19The Antique Silver Industry of Hanau Pt. II - Dorothea Burstyn; Silver Magazine, Nov/Dec 1997
20Encyclopedia of American Silver Manufacturers (4th ed.) - D. T. Rainwater & J. Redfield; Schiffer, 1998
21Hanau Silver in the "Antique Style" and Its Marks - Jörg Müller-Daehn; 925-1000.com, 2009
22925-1000.com Silver Marks Forum - various member posts, 2005-2009


Acknowledgments
Bahner - for his outstanding accompanying article, patience with questions, and unerring guidance to resource material.
blakstone - for his informative forum posts that have taught us all much about Hanau silver & its makers.
2209patrick - for his contribution of excellent mark images.
our forum members - for posting Hanau - again and again and again - and providing many mark & item images.
Wolfgang Scheffler & Bruno-Wilhelm Thiele for having published such excellent material on the subject.
Sandra - for her patience.
Thos. Guarrera
February 2009


Related Pages at 925-1000.com:
German Hallmarks pre-1886
German Hallmarks post-1886
World Hallmarks
British Hallmarks Explained
Dutch Hallmarks
French Hallmarks
Austrian Hallmarks
Russian Hallmarks
Swedish Hallmarks
Finnish Hallmarks
David-Andersen Marks
Georg Jensen Marks


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